Waa maxay danaha Israel iyo Reer galbeedku ka leeyihiin dagaalka Syria, Iran, Lebanon iyo Palestine ee soo jireenka ahaa? – DIB U RAACA TAARIIKHDOODA (Part 2) – W/Q: Ali Dhimbil

Ali Abdi Dhimbil

1975 markii dagaalkii sokeeye ka qarxay wadanka Lebanon, oo markaa dagaalo ka kala dhex dhacay Jabhadii Palestinianka ee Lebanon deganayd iyo xulufooyin kale oo Muslim leftist ama hantiwadaag ahaa kuwaas oo la dagaalameyey qolyihii Christian Phalange party iyo Maronite Christian community, iyo kuwo kale oo Druze la yidhaahdo .  Dabadeed waxaa dhacday in sanadadii hore oo ilaa 6-7 sano ahaa, aay isku dayaan inay dhexdhexaadiyaan wadamada Syria, Israel, USA iyo United Nations iyo wadanka France oo iyagu ahaa wadankii gumaysan jirey Lebanon intaanay xornimada qaadan.  Taasi waxay keentay wadamadaa is lahaa wax dhexdhexaadiya aay ku guulaysan waayeen arintaas, qaarkoodna sida Israel aay meesha qas iyo fowdo ka wadeen oo qaarba jabhad gooniya taageerayeen.

wounded-marine-from-barracksHadaba markii aay ku fashilmeen qolyahaasii ee wadanka xaaladiisu ka sii dartay, ayaa August 1982 waxaa wadanka yimi woxoogey ciidamo ah oo intooda badan ahayd Maraykan iyo in woxoogey Francis ah.  Si markaa ciidanka maraykanka iyo kuwa kaleba aay jabahada Palastinianka ee Yasser Arafat hogaaminayey aay uga baxaan wadanka Lebanon, oo markaa laga xoog batay, si xal loogu helo wadanka Lebanon.  Dabadeed markii jabhada palastiintu ka baxday qaybta Beirut ee aay deganaayeen,  nabad gelyana loo siiyey si aay ugu guuraan magaalada Triboli, ayaa iyaguna ciidamdii yaraa ee maraykanku ka baxeen wadanka Lebnon xiligii September 10, 1982.   Laakiin aay dib ugu soo noqdaan mar labaad on September 29 1982, ka dib markii qaxootiga shicibka Palastinianka eek u hadhay Lebanon aay xasuuqeen Jabhadaha Christianka ahi.  madaama jabhadoodii Palestiinta ee ilaalin jirtey qaxootigooda Lebanon degan  lagu khasbay inay wadanka ka baxaan markii aay hareereyeen jabhadihii Christianka ahaa, ee aay taageersanaayeen wadamada Yuhuuda Maraykanka, iyo reer galbeedku .

Hadaba xiligii 23 August 1982, ayaa Bachir Gemayel loo doortay madaxweynihii Lebanon, madaamo uu ahaa musharaxa keliya ee isu soo taagey doorasha madaxweynnimada. Wakhtigii 1 Sep 1982, laba wiig ka hor intaan la khaarijin ama la dilin, wuxuu Bachir kula kulmay magaalada Nahariya raysal wasarihii Israel Menachem Begin.  Halkaas oo Menachem Begin, u soo jeediyey in Bachir mucaahado la saxeexdo Israel sida ugu dhakhsaha badan markuu xukunka qabsado.  Begin wuxuu u sheegay Bachir in hadii uu sidaa sameeyo aay dawlada Israel taageerayso xukuumadiisa iyo ciidanka Lebanon, laakiin uu ugu hanjabay hadii uu diido arintaa in aay ciidamada Israel ama sida loo yaqaano IDF (Israeli Dfence Force) fadhiisan doonaan wadanka Lebanon, si aay u ilaaliyaan nabada iyo danaha Israel. Arintaas aadbuu uga cadhooday Bachir, waxaanu ku yidhi ciidamada Lebanon umay dagaalamin todoba sano, oo weliba kumanaan kaga dhinteen si aay uga xoreeyaan Lebanon ciidamada Syria iyo PLO, si aay meeshoodii u bedelaan ciidan iyo nidaam kale oo yuhuud ahi.  Bachir wuxuu intaa ugu daray raysalwasaarihii Israel Menachem Begin, inaanu la sexeexi doonin waxaanay la ogeyn shacbiga reer Lebanon, taasoo keenatay in labaduba cadho ku kala tagaan, oo aanay waxba isku afgaran.

Time_31_OCT_1983Isla xiligaa ayaamo ka dib 14 September 1982, Bachir Gemayel oo khudbad u jeedinaya ururkiisii loo yaqaaney Phalangists ee xaruntooda weyn eek u taala Achrafieh,saacadu markay ahayd 14:10pm miine loo dhigay meeshii uu ka qudbadeynayey, halkaas oo uu ku nafwaayey isaga iyo 26 siyaasiyiintii ururkiisa christianka ah ee loo yaqaaney Phalangist.  Inkastoo markii hore la yidhi wuu ka badbaaday qarixii, laakiin waxaa subaxnimadii danbe xaqiijeyey raysalwasaarihii Lebanon ee xiligaa Shafik Wazzan oo sheegay subaxnimadii danbe in madaxweyne Bachir Gemayel ku geeriyooday qaraxaasi, oo aanu ka badbaadin.

Israel sideedaba waxay soo gashay wadanka Lebanon 6 June 1982, dagaalkaa oo aay ula magic baxeen Lebanon war ama dagaalkii koowaad ee Lebanon, halkaas oo aay ciidamada yuhuudu galeen South Lebanon ama dhinaca Koonfurta Lebanon si aay uga takhalusaan Abu Nidal Organisation oo ahaa jabhad Palastinian oo isku dayday inay xiligaa khaarijiyaan Ambassadorkii yuhuuda u fadhiyey United Kingdom Shlomo Argov iyo iyagoo sidoodaba u arkayey jabhadaha kala duwan ee Lebanon ku sugan inay khatar ku yihiin qadiyada Israel ee dibad iyo gudahaba.   Waxay Kaloo Israel markii horeba doonaysey in markay jabhada PLO ka saarto wadanka Lebanon, aay wadanka gacanta u geliso kooxda Christianka ah ee uu hogaaminayey Bachir Gemayel si aay ugu suurto gasho siyaasada aay ka lahaayeen Lebanon eek u waajahneyd Israel.

Ka dib markii Israel aay dagaal ku qaaday jabhadaha PLO, Syrian army, iyo isbahaysiga ururada leftist iyo Muslimiinta reer Lebanon, waxay Israel qabsadeen Koonfurta Lebanon, oo dabadeed  aay hareereeyeen jabhadii PLO intay madaafiic la dhaceen waqooyiga Lebanno oo ahaa meeshay deganaayeen. Taasi waxay ku kaliftey in PLO iyo xulufadoodii aay is dhiibaan oo markaa aay weydiistaan UN marin ay kaga baxaan Lebanon.  Dabadeed waxaa kala dhaxgalay ninkii UN ka socdey ee Philip Habib iyo ciidan International peace keeping ah oo loo soo diray sidii looga daad gurayn lahaa PLO iyo xulafadooda wadankaasi Lebanon ee uu hogaaminayey Yasser Arafat, halkaas oo aay u guureen Tripoli June 1982.

Markii laga saaray jabhadii PLO waqooyiga Lebanon waxay keentay in Xasuuqii ka dhacay Sabra and Shatila Palastinian Camp oo lagu gumaaday ilaa 3500 Palastinian qaxootiga halkaa deganaa , oo dhamaantood ahaa caruur,dumar iyo dad dhalinyaro iyo rayid isugu jira.  Arintani waxay dhacday ka dib markii jabhadii Palastiinta ee dadkan qaxootiga ah ka masuul ahayd laga daad gureeyey wadankaasi Lebanon, si xal loogu helo jabhadaha faraha badan ee wadanka ku dhax dagaalamayey. Waxaana ka danbeeyey xasuuqa aadka u foosha xun leh Christian Phalangist Militia between Sept 16-18 1982, oo markaa aay taageerayeen dawlada yuhuudu,hubkana siiyey jabhada Christianka ah, iyagoo weliba ogaa in xasuuq meesha ka dhacayey.

Arintaa xasuuqa dadka qaxootiga ee reer Palastine iyo fawadada reer galbeedka iyo yuhuudu ka wadeen wadanka Lebanon waxay keentay in xiligii April 18 1983, aay safaaradii maraykanka ee Lebanon gaawaadhi miinaysan aay ku qarxiyeen jabhadaha Muslimiintu iyagoo uga aargoosanaya xasuuqii palastiinta ee bilo ka hor aay u geysteen jabhadaha Christianka ah ee aay taageersanaayeen Maraykanka iyo Khaasatan wadanka Yuhuuda.   Halkaas oo aay ku nafwaayeen 83, kuna dhaawacmeen 120 qof oo isugu jirey shaqaalihii safaarada iyo 17 sirdoonayaasha wadanka maraykanka u dhashay, oo weliba aay ka mid ahayeen madaxdii ugu saraysey ee CIA u qaabilsanaa wadamada Bariga dhexe.  Waxaa isla markiiba hadana la duqeeyey meel aay ciidamada Francesku fadhiyeen oo aay ku nafwaayeen 58 askari oo francis ahi.

Hadaba khasaarihii ugu xumaa ee ka soo gaadha dawlada maraykanka wuxuu dhacay October 23, 1983 markay ururka shiicada ee Hezbollah aay ku qarxiyeen xerada ciidamada maraykanka ka deganaayeen Lebanon oo aay u isticmaaleen laba gaadhi oo sidey (12,000 TNT explosives) labo meelood oo xerada ciidanku joogeen, halkaas oo aay ku dhinteen 241 marines  oo askar maraykan ah, laguna dhaawacay 82 qof oo kale.  Waxa iyana isla mar qarax lala beegsaday dhinacay deganaayeen ciidamada France,  qarax labaad oo aay ku dhinteen 58  askari oo French ah.  Waxa la cadeeyey inuu ahaa qaraxii ugu weynaa ee aduunka ka dhaca ilaa xiligii dagaalkii labaad ee aduunka iyo ka sokow Nuclear bombkii lagu riday Japan.  Qaraxaa oo dhacay xiligii subixii hore markii askrta oo dhami aay ku jireen meeshaa, cirkana cagaha uga qaaday gurigay aay ku jireen oo dhan.    Taasi waxay keentay in Feb 7, 1984 madaxweynihii maraykanka xiligaa Ronald Reagan uu ku dhawaaqay inuu joojinayo shaqadii aay ka wadeen maraykanku wadanka Lebanon, dabadeena aay si rasmi ah uga baxeen wadanka xiligii Feb 29, 1984.  To be continuing Insh’allah………………

Ali Dhinbiil

Current affair editor

Ali.dh@hotmail.co.uk