Horta waa su’aale nidaamka barlamaanka Somaliland xagee lagaga dhaqmaa aduunka ilaahay? Siduu u shaqeeyaa , yaase maamula? dadka badidiisa aan anigu ka mid ahay waxaa laga yaabaa inay islahaayeen, madaama shuruuc loo sameeyey baarlamaanka, oo dadka fadhiyana laga soo doortay sadexda xisbi ee wadanka ka jira, wax ka xumaanayaa ama laysku qabsanayaa ma jiro oo aan ahayn in marba wixii muhiima ee la sharciyaynaya loo foodo. Sideedaba aduunka barlamaanadooda waay iska dhacda in xisbi kastaa ku dadaalo inay helaan codod ku filan oo aay markaa ku pass gareeyaan wixii markaa dhexyaala ee u baahda in aqalka barlaamanku sharciyeeyo. Laakiin maamulka barlamaanka laftiisa laysku qabsado, oo kala jabka sidaa u balaadhan u dhex yimaado, malaa waaba wax ku cusub aduunka dimuqraadiyada ku dhaqma, koley wadankeena waa wax ku cusub. Inkastoo hadana aan lala yaabi Karin in wadan weli democracy process uu weli u cusub yahay, oo faaido mooyee aan khasaare lagala kulmi Karin hadii laysu dul qaato, oo aan lagu kala tegin sidii loo xalin lahaa khilaafka barlamaanka soo kala dhex galay.
Hadaba koley muranku wuxuu ka dhacay aqalka barlamaankii markii motion wax lagaga bedelayo gudoomiyaha barlamaanka iyo labadiisa shir goodoomiye la soo hor dhigay, taasoo loo vote gareeyey in awooda sare uu lahaado Gudoomiye Cirro, isla markaana xilka lagaga qaadi karo 56 cod, labada shir gudoomiyana 42 cod, halkay markii hore ka sinaayeen sadexdooduba. Hadaba iminka waxaa xisbiga Kulmiye oo majority ka ah guriga aay u arkeen in sidii wax loo bedelay aay cadaalad daro ku jirtey oo markaa loo baahan yahay in aay motion cusub oo lagu amend garaynayo dib cod loogu qaado. Markaa sidaynu halkaa ka aragno procedure kii hore ee wax lagu bedelay iyo kan cusub ee iminka la doonayo in wax lagu amend gareeyo labaduba sharciga ayay waafaqsan yihiin.
Markaa sideedaba wadanka Somaliland sida uu u shaqeeyaa waa presidential system sida United States, ee maaha Prime ministerial system sida United Kingdom. Taasbaana dadka confuse garaysey, waxaana lakala saari la’ayahay nidaamkee ayuu wadankeenu ku shaqeeyaa. Waxaana is weydiin leh nidaamkee ayaa u wanaagsan wadankeena mustaqbalka, ma inaynu dawladahaa kale ku dayano, oo exactly sharcigooda si fiican u adopt garayno iyo inaynu jacbur system ah samayno oo ku salaysan Presidential And Prime Ministerial System.
Aniga iyo dad badan oo arinkan falanqaynaynaa horta Lawyers ma nihin, runtiina dad nooga aqoon badan ayaa sharcigan wadanka hore ugu sameeyey, laakiin in si fiican wax loo waafijiyey si practical ah oo cadaaladi ku jirto ayaanu falanqaynaynaa, iyo inaan isu compare garayno labada nidaam ee ugu qaalibsan dimuqraadiyada lagaga dhaqmo aduunka hore umaray, sida maraykanka iyo ingiriiska. Anigu runtii waxaan aad u ayidsanahay nidaamka ingiriiska ee Prime ministerial system, oo markaa member of parliament (MP’s) amaba xildhibaanada sida Somaliland looga yaqaano aay ka hawl galaan Somaliland House of Parliament , oo markaa xisbiga iyo xildhibaanada aanay kala gaar ahayn sida iminka dawladeenu tahay. Nidaamkaasi wuxuu keenayaa in qof walba oo wadanka masuuliyada u hayaaba uu accountable u yahay dadkii soo doortay. Inkastoo mid ama laba qof oo aan cidina soo dooran lagu dari karo Government Cabinet.
Runtiina inkastoo gudida kala dhex gashay aay dhexdhexaadiyeen oo doonayaan inay xal u helaan mushkiladan taagan, hadana ilama aha long time ka inay xal u tahay nidaamka iyo qawaaniinta guriga. Aniga shakhsiyan waxay ila tahay in lagu noqdo the drawing board, oo sharciga laga toosiyo meeshuu ka qaldanyahay.
Hadaynu eegno siday u shaqeeyaan labada wadan ee ka mid kuwa ugu dimuqraadiyada wanaagsan aduunka, oo ah Maraykanka iyo ingiriiska. Ingiriisku waaba wadanka aan ku noolahay oo marar badan aan daawan jirey markay murmayaan amaba wada doodayaan xisbiyada waaweyn ee house of common amaba house of parliament wada jooga. Hadaba inkastoo aanan odhan Karin xoog baan u dersey siday u shaqeeyaan, hadana waxaa cad in xisbiyadu aay halkaa qaarba dhinac fadhiistaan, isla markaana uu aqalku leeyahay ama loo doortay qofka kala haga ee loo yaqaan speaker of the house. Hadaba speaker of the house shaqadiisu waxa weeyey inuu horta marka la debate garaynayo uu law and order uu ku dhexdhexaadiyo, sida cidii hadlaysa iyo xiligay hadlayaan u cayimo, iyo in si nidaam leh oo aan qaylo iyo sawaxan toona lahayn laysu dhegeysto, waxaa kaloo intaa soo raacda inuu cidii ku xadgudubta nidaamka guriga uu u digo amaba laga saaro aqalka barlamaanka woxoogeey ayaamo ah.
Hadaba aqalka barlamaanka ingiriisku wax walba lama geeyo oo ku saabsan arimaha wadanka, oo aan ahayn sharci cusub oo wadanka wax ka bedelaya, amaba wax ka mabnoocaya, amaba wax ku soo kordhinaya. Sida for example qaadka in laga mamnooco wadanka ingiriiska, amaba in la ogolaado in qofka buukaan jiifka ah ee aan rajo lahayn faamligoodu awood u yeeshaan in la khaarajiyo, si dhibaatada iyo silica uu ku noolyahay uu uga raysto qofku, inay ka baxaan European unionka, iwm. Inkastoo wadanka ingiriisku laba aqal uu jiro oo midna la yidhaahdi house of parliament, midna house of lords, oo sida house of elders amaba si kayara casriyaysan guriga odayaasha ee Somaliland u shaqaeeya, isla markaana marka sharci la pass gareeyo, hadana loo sii gudbiyo house of lords si aay dib ugu eegaan, oo dabadeedna u ansixiyaan. Kan hore dadka fadhiya dadkaa soo doortay, kan kalana waa dad sida odayaasha reer Somaliland ka kala socda xisbiyada wadanka ka jira iyo dad kaloo iska caadiya, amaba ka dhaxlay aabahood meesha, amaba hore uga shaqayn jirey guriga parliament ka oo iminka markuu ka fadhiistay ka mid noqday kan house of lords.
Hadaba wadankan ingiriisku department walba waa institution hawlaheeda gooni u fulisata, sida education department, foreign office, business and trade, environment iyo wixii la mid ah, inkastoo aay wargeliyaan Prime Ministerka talada wadanka haya. Laakiin maaha arintu in wax walba oo wasaaradahu qabanayaan amaba aay heshiis la gelayaan shirkado in la soo dhex mariyo amaba aay u foodaan axsaabta guriga barlamaanku. Markaa waxaa fiican in asxaabta Somaliland horta aay bartaan waxa in loo foodo u baahan iyo waxa kale, iyo waxa dawladu awooda u leedahay inay samayso, ileyn dawlada ayaa loo doortay inay wadanka xukumaane.
Tan kale ee wadanka maraykanku iyaduna waa labo guri ee house of congress iyo senate house, markaa labaduba waxay leeyihiin majority leader, oo ah hadba kuwa guriga kaga badan kuwa kale, ee badiyaaba kala ah, the DEMOCRAT IYO REPUBLICAN. Markaa majority senate leader, kaba soo qaad inuu yahay republican oo laakiin wadanka aay xukumaan democrats, odaygan shaqadiisu waxa weeyey inuu isu keeno xisbigiisa republican oo markaa wixii new legislations amaba economic budget reform ah uu ku dadaalo in xisbigiisu block gareeyaan hadii aanay happy ku ahayn. hadana waxaaba dhacda labada wadanba ee maraykanka iyo ngiriiskaba in xisbiga mucaaradka qaar ka mid ahi taageero amaba u vote gareeyo xisbiga talada haya, ujeedooyin fara badan aawadeed, sida inay u arkayaan inay anfac u leedahay magaaladiisa amaba wadanka dhamaantiis oo dhan.
Hadaba waxa is weydiin leh, marka la leeyahay Leader Of Opposition In Somaliland, Mr Abdirahman Cirro ayaa barlamaanka haysta maxaa looga jeedaa, ma Member Of The House ayaa xisbigiisu Majority ka yahay sida maraykanka, mise sida wadanka ingiriiska shaqadiisu waa speaker of the house. Tay doontaba bal waxaan doonaynaa in la fahmo sharcigan cida qortay, iyo powerka uu Mr Cirro u shaqeeyo intuu leeg yahay, iyo weliba ujeedada ka danbeysa waxay Somaliland ku tilmaamto shaqada chairman of the house. Anigu runtii weli ma fahmin nidaamka noocan ah, woloow aan jecelahayba inaan xoog u akhriyi lahaa bal siduu u shaqeeyo iyo arinta keentay in wadanka gebigiisiba u kala jabo pro and anti-government. Anigu waxaan is leeyahay meelbaa wax ka qaldan yihiin, cidii qaladkan samaysayna weli dad badani my fahmin, waayo dadka qaar waxay u haystaan in dawladu faraha la gelayso shuruucda wadanka, qaarna waxay u haystaan in gudoomiyaha Waddani uu wax ka bedelay shuruucdii barlamaanka u yiiley. Anigu shakhsiyan waxaan u arkaa in wuxuba qaldan yihiin, loona baahan yahay in sharci cadaalad ah oo waafaqsan xeerka duunweynaha dimuqraadiyada ku af sheegata lagu hago wadanka.
House Of Parliament cidina ma laha, waana loo siman yahay marka wax laga vote garaynayo, dee sida loo foodana waxa weeye nidaam ah majority vote marka sadexda xisbiba laysku daro tiradooda. Miyaanay markaa very simple matter ahayn. Dee xisbiyadu habeen gudcura iyo maalin dharaar ahba waay kawada hadli karaam midh midh si qaarba kuwa kale u soo jiitaan qof xisbi kale ka tirsan, weliba waxyaabahaas waxay shaqadiisu tahay Kulmiye chief of staff, Mr Xirsi H Ali, inuu ka soo dhaadhiciyo xisbiyada kale wixii markaa la meel marinayo, oo xidhiidhiye u noqdo madaxweynaha iyo shaksiyaadka kale ee danuhu kaga xidhanto, madaama aan waxba la pass garayn Karin ilaa majority vote laga helo gurigoo dhan. Sideedaba sida wadanka ingiriiska markay doonayaan in wax la pass gareeyo amaba sharci hore u jirey la amend gareeyo waxaa gurigu u kala qaybsamaa laba qolo oo qaarna Yes vote ah iyo qaar No vote ah, laakiin inta ka horaysa lobbying iyo is gacma maroojin ayaa ka dhex dhacda xisbiyada iyo shakhsiyaadka wax vote garaynaya, taa macnaheedu maaha in Dawlada markaa jirtaa aay mucaaradkuun ka iibiso waxan la pass garaynayo, ee waxay also ku dadaalaysaa siday xisbigooda aay uga iibin lahaayeen arimaha aay taageerada uga baahan yihiin. Hadii for example, xildhibaanada aqalka barlamaanka wax u vote garaynayaa aay isku dhaafi waayaan vote kii la samaynayey, metalan qoloda yes vote iyo no vote midba wuxuu helay 42 iyo 42 cod, markaa shaqada chairmanka gurigu hawshiisu waxay noqonaysaa inuu si cadaalad iyo xilkasnimo ah uu qolada uu isleeyahay waa macquul u vote gareeyo isaguna si uu u kala furto labadooda. Laakiin sidiisaba isagu looma ogola inuu waxbaba ka vote gareeyo, oo markaa keliya ahayn
Wixii intaa ka soo hadhaa waa hadii aan cidiba ka soo xaadirin (absent vote), amaba aay ka uumisaan waxa la pass garaynayo oo aanay cidna support garayn, siday doontaba ha ahaatee waxaa muhiim ah inta ka soo xaadirtay ee Yes ama No tidhi wixii loo codeynayey. Mida kale ee iyaduna ugu muhiimsan waxa weeye sidaan hadhoow laysu qabsan, ee aan loo odhan qaarbaa maqanaa waxaa jira waxa la yidhaahdo Qourum vote, amaba inta ugu yare e cod amaba vote qaban karta. Markaa sida wadankan ingiriiska oo ah 40 cod in aay sharci pass garayn karaan, sidaana loo xadiday. Intaa ka dib ayaa hadana sharcigii la vote gareeyey loo sii gudbiyaa House of Lords, kuwaas oo iyana dib u sii eega sharciga hore loo soo pass gareeyey, dabadeedna markaa aay pass gareeyaan amaba aay reject gareeyaan. Anyway waa sheeko dheer sida labada aqal u shaqeeeyaan ee ingiriisku, laakiin nasiib wanaag wax walba waay qoran yihiin oo interka ayaad ka baadhi kartaa.
Waxaan ku soo gaba gabaynayaa, ama ku magacoow Mr Cirro, chairman of the parliament, or sida ingiriiska Speaker of the house, labaduba wax power ah oo aay leeyihiin ma jirto. shaqadoodu waxa weeye oo keliya sidii aqalka barlamaanku uu habsami ugu socon lahaa maalin kasta, ha ahaato anshaxa iyo nidaamka guriga, amaba raacida procedure ka nidaamka u dejisan amaba u qoran barlamaanka. Maaha shaqadiisa inuu isagu sharci sameeyo, amaba uu cid casilo, amaba uu cid dalaciyo. Anigu iminka markaan qiyaasay halkay wax ka qaldan yihiin waxa weeye ayaan jecelahay sidaan maqlay, wixii berigii Udub haystey wadanka lagu heshiiyey oo ahayd qaraabo qansax ka dhexeysey UCID iyo KULMIYE, oo markii horeba xeer aan democratic amaba logic ahayn wax u sameeyey si aay isugu tagaan xisbigii berigaa jirey ee UDUB. Mida kale waxay ka dhigeen shaqada chairmanka ee aqalka barlamaanka sidii aay tahay maqaam awood leh oo muhiim ah, laakiin waxba kama jiraan jagadaas.
Anigu shaksiyan waxaan soo jeedin lahaa sidan, si loo xaliyo arintan khilaafka aan loo baahnayn abuurtay:
- In horta waa in la baabiiyaa Dastuurka somaliland qodobka ka hadlaya in goluhu inuu yeesho gudoomiye; waa qodobka 44aad faraqiisa 3aad ee odhanaya ‘’Golaha Baarlamaanka waxaa furaaaya gudoomiyaha maxkamada sare oo dhaarinaaya xubnaha, waxaana gudoominaaya xubinta ugu da’da wayn; waxaana goluhu iska dhex dooranayaa gudoomiyaha iyo laba gudoomiye ku xigeen. Isla markaana chairmanka aqalka barlamaanka iyo labadiisa gudoomiye ku xigeenba waa inay iska casilaan jagadooda sida qaldan loo sameeyey markii horeba
- Dabadeedna nidaamka uu iminka chairman of the house ku sifaysan yahay dib loo saxo shaqadiisu waxay noqonayso mustaqbalka, oo lala meel dhigo sida kuwa for example wadanka ingiriiska amaba maraykankaba, marba kii laysku raaco
- Inaan laga filan jagadan amaba diba gudigan iminka khilaafka loo saaray aanay u qorsheyn in wax awood iyo muhiimada laga dhigo shaqada chairmanka, shaqadiisuna aay ku eekaato, noqdana qof mudakar oo loo doorto inuu guriga barlamaanka uu kala hago amaba kala nidaamiya day-to-day business of the house
- In sadexda xisbi aay soo bandhigaan amaba iska soo xulaan qof macquula oo loo doorto jagada speaker of the house amaba sida iminka lagu magacaabo chairman of the house, dabadeedna halkaa ka majority hela uu noqdo the leader of the house
- Sheekadan ah imisa cod baa lagu ridayaa chairman of the house, maba garanyo runtii anigu iyo waxa loo ridayo toona, madaama aanu awoodba lahayn markiisii hore, deputy chairman waa la samayn karaa, si hadii isaga wax ku dhacaan u shaqada ugu sii simo
- Speaker of the house amaba chairman of the house waa inay noqotaa institution lagu abaabulo sharciga barlamaanka, oo leh shaqaale wax la nidaamiya amaba la qora, oo weliba shicibka gaadhsiiya marba shuruucda soo baxda iyo kuwii hore u jireyba, iyagoo markaa soo daabacaya amaba house of parliament website ku soo qoraya sharciyada iyo sida barlamaanku u shaqeeyo.
- Chairmanka laftiisa waa in uu xilka hayaa 5 years dabadeedna dib gurigu u doortaa, hadii xisbiyadu ku qanacsanyihiin, hadii kale qof kale loo doortaa. Laakiin hadii uu arin weyn oo lagaga eryi karo shaqada uu ku kaco chairmanku, dee markaa waa in sharciga loo raaca sidii xilka looga qaadi lahaa
- Waa inuu noqdaa chairman mudakar ah, oo xisbiyada u dhex dhexaada, oo aan isagu problem iyo mashaakil kale ka abuurin aqalka gudihiisa iyo dibadiisaba. Taasina waxay iman kartaa hadii sadexda xisbi iska soo xulaan nin guriga ka shaqeeya oo aanay isaga waxba ka filayn
- Hadii madaxweynaha talada hayaa soo doorto qof mudakar ah oo shaqadaa iyo shuruucda barlamaanka fahmayana, amaba lawyer ah, taasina kaba sii fiican. Waayo dee koleyba wuxuu u soo kordhinayo madaxweynaha amaba xisbigiisa ayaaba iska yar
- Horta sideedaba waxaa fiican in xildhibaanada, iyo shicibkuba aanay u fahmin in ninkan speaker of the house aanu xisbi u shaqayn ee uu aqalka barlamaanka iyo danta guud ee dimuqraadiyada uu u shaqeeyo.
Markaa waxaan soo jeedin lahaa iska dhaafa, hebel baa ah chairman iyo hebelbaa lagu bedelayaa amaba laga qaadayaa positionkii uu hayey. Waxaa fiicnaan lahayd intaad idinku sharciyada isku qaadi lahayyeen inaad sharciyo cusub soo saartaan, sida metelan qaadka in wadanka laga joojiyo, in xisbi walbaaba dumarka doorashada soo socota aay 30-40% ugu deeqaan xildhibaanada wadanka laga soo dooranayo, iwm.
Waxaan kaloo kula talin lahaa xisbiyada mucaaradka inay ka shaqeeyaan sidii xisbigoodu uu u hanan lahaa maamulka wadanka, oo aanay yuhuud wadanka ku noqon, si aan cadowgeenu inooga faaidaysan. Xisbiga talada hayana waxaan kula talin lahaa inay waalida iyo cadaalad darada iska daayaan, oo aay ka fekeraan sidii ummada laysugu keeni lahaa. Oo aay ogaadaan in wadan dhis aay ka muhiimsam tahay inay dadka isu keenkooda iyo walaaltinimadooda aay dhisaan. Wadanku sidiisaba dadkuu ku dhisan yahay, ilaahow may caydhba ahaadaan, laakiin hadii dad isu calool fayoob la waayo, oo iyagu cadow isu noqdaan, markaa wadan sidaa ku dhismayaa ma jiro
Ali Dhinbiil
ali.dh@hotmail.co.uk
