Gurmadka Goleyaasha Gobollada

Prof. Abdihakim Yusuf Kheire

By) Abdihakim Yusuf Kheire, President, Institute of Democracy & Governance, Berbera, Somaliland abdihakim_365@hotmail.com

Prof. Abdihakim Yusuf Kheire

Siyaasada dalkeena waxaa cakiray awood maroorsiga dawladda dhexe iyadoo xanibtay horumarinta dadka iyo dalka. Urursiga awooda ee waaxda fulintu waxay sababtay in adeega dawladeed kafeeyo oo kaliya shacabka caasimada. Xaaladani waxay horseeday in dadku u soo guuraan caasimada; arrintani waxay sababi karta  xasilooni daro. Maamul-daadejinta awooda fulineed, garsoor & sharci dejineed waxay dalka ka badbaadin kartaa masiibadan ka mid ah sifooyinka ku habsada dalalka mara dhabada wadamada fashilmay.

Maamul-daadejintu waa maaraynta awoodaha siyaasadeed ee waaxda fulinta. Awooda fulinta oo xafiis keliya ku ururtaa dalka, dadka & shakhsiga kursiga ku fadhiyaba waa u halis. Mabda ahaan siyaasina ma jecla inuu awoodiisa kala dhantaalo. Laakiin Maamul-daadejinta waa himilada labaad ee dawladnimadeena (Ictiraafka ka dib). Sida Madaxweynaha looga fadhiyo inuu ictiraafka keeno baa looga sugayaa inuu maamul-daadejintana ka midho dhaliyo.

Distooriyan Gobollada dalku waxay yeelanayaan goleyaal sharci-dejineed & fulineed oo shantii sannoba mar la doorto (Distoorka Somaliland: Qodobka 110). Awoodaha fulineed ee gobollada waxaa ka mid ah; nabadgelyada gudaha, caafimaadka, waxbarashada ilaa dugsi hoose-dhexe, xanaanada xoolaha, nalka, biyaha & isgaadhsiinta. Isgaadhsiinta mooye lixda awoodood ee kale waa xasaasi oo waxay u baahan yihiin xalin joogto ah. Siyaasiyana waa awoodaha ugu muranka badan ee muujiya inay dawladda dhexe ku hafatay gudasha shaqadan. Meesha ugu haboon xalinta mushkiladaha ka aloosma lixdan adeeg/awoodood waa waaxda fulinta ee gobollada dalka. Siyaasiyan Badhasaabada dalku waa wakiiladda dawladda dhexe ee gobollada mana matalaan dadka gobolka degan. Xilkooduna waa maamus. Karaamadooduna waxay soo baxaysaa marka dadku soo doortaan madax matasha.

Dadka gobolka waxaa matali kara Goleyaasha Gobollada & Waaxda Fulinta ee dadku toos u doortaan. Waaxda fulinta ee heer gobol waxaa hor mood ka ah Chief-Minister & Ku-Xigeenka Chief-Ministerka oo si toos ah loo doorto magacaabayana Agaasimayaasha Fulinta ee waaxaha (Departments) gobollada. Golayaasha Gobolada baa ka masuul ah ansaxinta saraakiishan waaxda fulintu magacawday.

Arrintani waa qodob muhiim ah oo munaasib ku ah in Urururada Siyaasadu ka doodaan dadweynahana u soo bandhigaan fikradahooda. Xukuumaduna waa inay ansaxiso  xeerkii doorashada Goleyaasha & Waaxaha Fulinta ee Goboladda dalka. Awoodaha qaar bay, sida Isgaadhsiinta, Xukuumadda dhexe awoodo kale kaga badalan kartaa gobollada. Tusaale: awooda xakamaynta & cashuurida Isgaadhsiinta xukuumada dhexe waxay gobollada kaga badalan kartaa adeega Hawlaha Guud & Gaadiidka. Macnawiyan laysamada wadida gaadiidka & taarikadaba waxaa fulin kara maamulka fulinta ee gobollada.

Siyaasiyan derajada lixda gobol ee dalku waa xasaasi waxaanay ku salaysan tahay lix arrimood oo kala ah: (1) Goortii gobolka la aasaasay (2) tirada dadka ku nool gobolkiiba; (3) dakhliga cashuuraha (4) baaxada gobolka; (5) xadaarada iyo himilada shacabka gobolka & (6) muhiimada siyaasadeed ee gobolka.

Maroodi-Jeex & Togdheer baa labada sifo ee ugu horeeya ku mataanoobaya maadaama ay yihiin labadii gobol ee lixdankii dalka loo kala qaybiyey ee dhamaan gobolada kale ee dalku ka farcameen walina ugu dadka badan. Labada gobol ee Sanaag & Sool dalka intiisa kale dib bay uga hadheen waxaana munaasib ah in muddo sadex sanno ah darajadooda laga dhigo (C) si dawladda dhexe gurmad dhaqaale oo deg-deg ah ugu fidiso Gobolladan do-doonsan (Kharashkooda kabto 66 boqolkiiba). Sanaag waxaa go-doomiyey wado xumo iyo fogaan; Soolna waxaa la hadhay siyaasad xumo & xasarad. Maamul-daadejintu labadan carqaladoodba way xalin kartaa. Dhinaca kale gobollada Awdal & Saaxil, oo ah gobolo dakhli badani ka soo xareedo, mudadan sabayn karaan derajada B oo ah dhex-dhexaad, inta baaxada awooda cashuuraha laga cayimayo si ay ugu suurto-gasho isku filaansho dhaqaale & horumarinta ee arrimaha bulshada.

Tirada Goleyaasha Gobolada, awoodooda fulineed, baaxada miisaaniyadooda & tacriifaduba waxay ku salaysan tahay derajada gobollada. Fadlan hoos ka daalacoo derajada gobollada:

Gobolka Sanadka Derajada Caasimada Miisaaniyadda G-Gobolka Waaxaha
1 M-Jeex 1960 A Gebiley 67 boqolkiiba 47 11 Departments
2 Togdheer 1960 A Odweine 67 boqolkiiba 47 11 Departments
3 Sanaag 1974 C Badhan 34 boqolkiiba 35 7 Departments
4 Awdal 1985 B Zeilac 51 boqolkiiba 41 9  Departments
5 Sool 1985 C Caynaba 34 boqolkiiba 35 7 Departments
6 Saaxil 1996 B Sheikh 51 boqolkiiba 41 9 Departments

 Waaxaha Gobollada

Awood/Adeega/Waaxda Masuuliyada UN
1 Nabadgelyada & Boliiska Boliiska INTERPOL
2 Caafimaadka, Qoyska & Dadweynaha Caymiska Caafimaadka WHO, UNIFEM
3 Waxbarashada & Dhalinyarada-Ciyaaraha Dugsiyada hoose/dhexe UNESCO, UNICEF
4 Xanaanada Xoolaha & Deegaanka Seerayaasha, Sayladaha IFAD & UNEP
5 Biyaha & Korontada Korontada & Biyaha UNCDF
6 Dib-U-Dejinta, Maal-gashiga & Jaaliyadaha Qurba-jooga & Qaxontiga UNHCR, IOM
7 Hawlaha Guud, Guryeynta & Gaadiidka Taarikada & Laysamada